E-034

Mathsson summer house, Frösakull, Sweden . Bruno Mathsson . 1960

'Frösakull consists of a base platform measuring 10x15 metres, on which a structure of galvanized iron is erected. The walls are made of corrugated plastic, South American wood (“parapine”) and glass which have been attached directly to the structure. The roof was made by fl exing translucent opal-white acrylic plastic between the rafters to form six barrel-vaults that run across the structure enclosing the entire space except for the inner court. Under the transparent vaults and steel rafters, a ceiling of angled and mounted wood slats is suspended, sifting the light like venetian blinds. The house has two yards: an inner court enclosed with corrugated plastic and thus screened from view, and a sun patio that is not on the platform, but is enclosed with the same corrugated plastic thus incorporating it into the body of the building. The layout is very simple; the building consists of two parts: a closed part with north-facing wooden walls for the bedrooms and bathroom/toilet, and an open part with corrugated plastic walls and a roof covering half the space that makes up the living room and inner courtyard. The only different part is the little sun patio, added as an extension to one of the façades.'

Helena Mattsson

http://www.mikaelolsson.se/media/ahomeisnotahousehelenamattssonsteidlverlagmikaelolsson.pdf

E-033

Kanchanjunga Apartments, Mumbai . Charles Correa . 1970-83

E-032

New Baris Village, Kharga . Hassan Fathy . © A Kawatli . 1965-67

'Discovery of a large water well sixty kilometers south of the Kharga Oasis in 1963, which had been estimated to have the capacity to continuously irrigate up to 1000 acres of land, led the Organization for Desert Development to propose an agricultural community here at that time. 
This remote and forbidding wilderness outpost, which is almost in the geographical centre of Egypt, was planned to initially house 250 families, of which more than half were intended to be farmers and the remainder to be service personnel. His previous experience with such a project, and particularly his ability to build it inexpensively, made Fathy the logical choice as the architect for New Baris.
Without a visible clientele to design for, Fathy concentrated on a thorough study of both the traditional architecture and climate of the region. In addition to examining the fourth century AD mudbrick ruins of the necropolis of Bagawat nearby, he also closely observed the existing village of Kharga, where the material used, as well as the width and orientation of the streets and introverted forms of the houses effectively offset summer temperatures as high as 50C degrees that could potentially cause serious physiological problems for the people living there.
These considerations, along with the additional need for the cold storage of the fruits and vegetables grown by the community prior to shipping, and the impossibility of providing air-conditioning, led Fathy to focus on natural systems as the formative influence on the new village. For this reason, the souk, or market place, became the active heart of a community which spirals out to fit a rather steeply graded ridge on either side of it. This souk, and other communal buildings around it, differ from their predecessors at New Gourna both in the more realistic choice of functions represented and the compactness of the open spaces between the buildings themselves.
To solve the problem of the cold storage of perishables, Fathy turned to the physical solutions provided by the thermal mass of materials used and the manipulation of natural air movement as the only possible answers. By putting the storage areas below grade and refining the malkaf designs he had used previously by adding baffles, incrementally reduced airshafts and secondary towers to accelerate circulation, temperature reductions of up to 15C degrees were achieved.'

https://archnet.org/collections/11/sites/2560

P-009

Mar del Plástico . © Bernhard Lang

E-031

La Congiunta, Giornico . Peter Märkli . 1992

E-030

Scuola Elementare, Fagnano Olona . Aldo Rossi . © Luigi Ghirri . 1972-76

A-008

Models of rotational geometry . © Giorgio Scarpa . 1978

'Giorgio Scarpa (1938-2012) was an Italian designer, bionics researcher, artist and teacher of Descriptive Geometry and of Theory of Perception in Oristano and Faenza. His publications include subjects as differents as bionics, topology, DNA and muscle structure models, but he also wrote papers on abstract problems as defining rules on how to find one’s way out of a labyrinth.'

http://socks-studio.com/2014/05/21/giorgio-scarpas-models-of-rotational-geometry-1978/